August 2017

承揽土方挖运弃工程 仍应依营建业法取得营造业许可(台湾)

洪堃哲 律师

最高行政法院于民国104年11月27日作成104年判字第718号行政判决(下称本号判决)指出,承揽土方挖运弃工程,仍应依营建业法取得营造业许可。

本号判决事实为诉外人澔丰公司承揽系争工程,将本案土方工程开挖部分转交未具营造业资格之上诉人承作,被上诉人审认本件工程合约上诉人承揽之「土方挖运弃工程」,属专业营造业登记之专业工程,为营造业法第8条第2款之「挡土支撑及土方工程」业务范围,其未取得营造业许可,已违反营造业法第4条第1项规定,后裁处上诉人就经营营造业业务部分勒令停业并予以新台币100万元罚款。上诉人不服,循序提起行政诉讼,为原审判决驳回,而提起本件上诉。

本号判决指出营造业法第8条第2款「挡土支撑及土方工程」之立法理由乃「对于经营业务涉及建筑土木工程施工范围,且直接影响建筑物结构安全,施工质量者,明定其为专业工程项目…(二)挡土支撑及土方工程:构造物下部结构之构筑,为防止施工中地盘崩塌,而采用假设挡土壁等各种支保工程、并土石挖填、整地、废土处理等。」,足证直接影响建筑物结构安全之「土石挖填、整地、废土处理等」,纵使单独为之(而未兼施做挡土支撑时),仍有必要作为专业营造业登记之专业工程项目,否则一定要兼做「挡土支撑及土方工程」二者时,始为专业营造业登记之专业工程项目,何以保障建筑物安全及质量。本号判决进而认为上诉人纵然仅作土方工程开挖部分,仍有适用,故驳回其上诉。

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