April 2017

房屋共有人未經全體共有人同意佔有共有物之全部或一部後 為自己用益將之出借或出租 非屬管理共有物之行為(台灣)

2017.02.08
伍涵筠 律師
最高法院於民國106年2月8日作成106年臺上字第100號民事判決(下稱本號判決)指出,房屋共有人未經全體共有人同意佔有共有物之全部或一部後為自己用益將之出借或出租非屬管理共有物之行為。

本號判決事實為本件上訴人主張:兩造共有系爭房屋,被上訴人未經其同意,將該房屋一樓出租他人使用,二樓無償供他人住用,每月受有相當租金33萬元之不當得利,故請求被上訴人應按其共有比例返還。

本號判決指出共有物之出租或出借,屬共有物之管理行為,除應符合多數決之規定,尚應有為全體共有人管理共有物之意思。倘共有人未經全體共有人同意佔有共有物之全部或一部後,為自己用益將之出借或出租,既非基於管理共有物意思所為,縱其人數及應有部分合計超過上開規定,亦不得謂其為管理共有物之行為。

本號判決進而指出本件被上訴人似未經全體共有人同意,即以系爭房屋已全歸其用益,而將之出借或出租,則原審判決徒以被上訴人之人數及應有部分合計均過半數,即謂其出借或出租屬管理行為,非無權佔用,已有可議等理由,廢棄原審判決發回更審。

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