June 2017

召集程序违法而无效之董事会决议召集股东会 仍有董事会决议之外观并据以召集股东会 尚不得径认股东会决议不成立或无效(台湾)

2017.3.7
伍涵筠 律师
最高法院于民国106年3月7日作成106年台上字第57号民事判决(下称本号判决)指出,召集程序违法而无效之董事会决议召集股东会,仍有董事会决议之外观并据以召集股东会,尚不得径认股东会决议不成立或无效。

本号判决事实为本件A主张为B公司之股东及监察人,B公司之董事及董事长C未依法通知A出席即违法召集董事会并决议召集系争股东会,且于系争股东会决议分配盈余及改选董监事(下称系争股东会决议),故先位诉请确认系争股东会决议不成立或无效,后位请求撤销系争股东会决议。

本号判决先指出董事会未通知监察人列席陈述意见即径为决议,该决议之效力如何,公司法虽未明文规定,惟此目的既在藉由监察人所具有之客观、公正第三人立场,提供董事会不同观点之讨论空间,则董事会未通知监察人列席陈述意见径为决议,其决议应属无效。本件董事会召集未通知监察人所为决议应属无效。

然而,本号判决进一步指出董事会决议召集股东会,虽董事会之召集程序违法而无效,惟既有董事会决议之外观,并据以召集股东会,则该股东会自与由无召集权人召集之情形有别,尚不得径认股东会决议不成立或无效,而应认仅属召集程序之瑕疵,如违反之事实非属重大且于决议无影响者,得驳回撤销决议之请求。

本号判决进而认定A已出席系争股东会且参与表决,又未对系争股东会召集程序不合法提出异议,并受领盈余分配,因此A实已有机会于系争股东会中针对股东会召集程序之瑕疵提出异议。此外改选之董事及监察人亦已就任执行职务,而系争董事会召集程序之瑕疵,实质上不会影响系争股东会决议结果及B公司之利益,则系争股东会召集程序之瑕疵,应认非属重大,本号判决最后以上述理由,驳回A之上诉。

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