August 2017

「刑事案件确定后脱氧核醣核酸鉴定条例」立法 定案被告可声请再验DNA(台湾)

2016.11.16
伍涵筠 律师

总统于民国105年11月16日总统华总一义字第10500140081号令制定公布「刑事案件确定后脱氧核醣核酸鉴定条例」(下称本条例)全文10条;并自公布尔日施行。本条例重点如下:

一、 明订刑事案件定案后被告声请再验DNA之权利
依本条例第2条与第4条规定,有罪判决确定后,如合理相信就本案相关联的证物或检体再验DNA,可作为再审新事实或新证据者,并具备:1. 声请鉴定之证物或检体为政府机关保管; 2. 声请鉴定之证物或检体未曾进行脱氧核醣核酸之鉴定,或曾进行脱氧核醣核酸之鉴定,但现已有新鉴定方法; 3. 声请进行鉴定之方法具有科学上合理性等条件,可声请就该证物或检体进行再验DNA。
声请人可为受判决人或其法定代理人或配偶;如受判决人已死亡者,则由其配偶、直系血亲、三亲等内之旁系血亲、二亲等内之姻亲或家长、家属,

二、 相关声请再验DNA与比对之程序
依本条例第3条规定,声请应向原判决之原审法院提出;第6条规定,法院认有必要时,得就是否符合再验DNA要件为相当之调查,并通知声请人、辩护人到庭陈述意见;第8条则明文规定法院于鉴定结果对声请人有利时,应命鉴定机关将鉴定结果送交脱氧核醣核酸数据库之主管机关,并由其进行比对。

三、 证据及检体应妥善保全
本条例第9条明订侦查机关就证物及检体,应妥善采取、保管、移转,以确保证物及检体之正确无误。

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