April 2017

诉讼当事人未曾委任诉讼代理人且已亡故 法院径以公示送达通知当事人到场辩论且准由他造声请一造辩论而为判决 属程序重大瑕疵 其判决违背法令(台湾)

2017.01.03
孙煜辉 律师
最高法院于民国106年1月3日作成106年台上字第29号民事判决(下称本号判决)指出,诉讼当事人未曾委任诉讼代理人且已亡故,法院径以公示送达通知当事人到场辩论且准由他造声请一造辩论而为判决属程序重大瑕疵,其判决违背法令。

本号判决事实为被上诉人主张:中兴银行前董事长A(已辞世),违反银行法及授信业务规则,明知金茂兴公司与其间具有实质利害关系,并无任何经营实绩及营业额,且未提供任何担保品之情况下,竟准其无担保授信额度之申请,后因金茂兴公司无资产,中兴银行转列呆账,因A违反其与中兴银行间委任契约所生损害,故被上诉人请求债务不履行之损害赔偿。

本号判决指出当事人死亡者,诉讼程序在有继承人、遗产管理人或其他依法令应续行诉讼之人承受其诉讼以前当然停止;诉讼程序当然停止间,法院及当事人不得为关于本案之诉讼行为。诉讼程序因当事人死亡而当然停止者,在其继承人全体依法承受诉讼以前,法院不得径为关于本案之裁判。否则,所为裁判即属违背法令。

本号判决进而指出本件A未曾委任诉讼代理人,原审未停止诉讼程序并命其继承人承受诉讼,径以公示送达通知A到场辩论,且准由他造声请一造辩论而为判决,程序已有重大瑕疵,原审判决应予废弃发回更审。

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