April 2017

水污染防治法规定中情节重大属停工与停业之要件 并非罚款额度之裁量唯一标准 单凭该要件据以决定裁处罚款金额属违法裁量滥用(台湾)

2017.01.05
刘昱劭 律师
台北高等行政法院于民国106年1月5日作成105年诉字第917号判决(下称本号判决)指出,水污染防治法规定中情节重大属停工与停业之要件,并非罚款额度之裁量唯一标准,单凭该要件据以决定裁处罚款金额属违法裁量滥用。

本号判决事实为原告所有地下输油管因爆裂致泄漏燃料油,被告认定已属水污法规定大量排放污染物而严重影响附近水体质量之情节重大行为,乃以原处分处原告300万元罚款。原告对原处分不服,提起诉愿遭驳回,遂提起本件诉讼。

本号判决指出水污法第52条规定,违反第30条第1项各款情形且「情节重大」者,乃作为「停止作为或停工、停业」之要件,而非罚款额度之裁量标准。至于罚款裁罚准非仅以「情节重大」之单一因素,即得裁处最高额度300万元罚款,被告仍应依行政罚法第18条第1项规定,审酌原告违反行政法上义务行为应受责难程度、所生影响、因违反行政法上义务所得之利益、原告之资力等因素,据以裁处罚款,否则仍属裁量滥用之违法。

本号判决另指出被告就本件油管破裂事件之裁罚,系认原告应负故意责任,然与本院就原告违章应属过失行为之认定,有所龃龉,足见其裁量所据之事实基础,已有错误,且未依行政罚法第18条第1项规定为审酌,即径行裁处原告法定最高额度300万元之罚款,自属裁量滥用之违法为由,撤销原处分与诉愿决定。

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