August 2017

政府本于扶植自耕农之规定而为分割造成袋地 无民法第789条袋地通行权限制之适用(台湾)

2017.01.26
洪堃哲 律师

按民法第789条之规定:「因土地一部之让与或分割,而与公路无适宜之联络,致不能为通常使用者,土地所有人因至公路,仅得通行受让人或让与人或他分割人之所有地。数宗土地同属于一人所有,让与其一部或同时分别让与数人,而与公路无适宜之联络,致不能为通常使用者,亦同。前项情形,有通行权人,无须支付偿金。」

财政部国有财产署于民国106年1月26日以台财产署管字第10500385030号函释(下称本号函释)指出,政府本于扶植自耕农之规定而为分割造成袋地无民法789条袋地通行权限制之适用。本号函释先指出土地之一部因强制执行拍卖,致造成袋地之情形,倘非出于土地所有人之任意行为或预期其得事先安排者,当无民法第789条之袋地通行权限制之适用。

本号函释进一步指出基此上述同一法理,政府实施耕者有其田政策,依台湾省放领公有耕地扶植自耕农实施办法,将公有耕地径为分割,再放领与农民,其性质虽亦为私法上之买卖契约,惟系政府本于扶植自耕农之规定而为分割,以俾放领与土地上耕种之自耕农,若因此而造成袋地,自非出于土地所有人之任意行为或预期得事先安排而为合理解决,且与拍定人或公地承领人是否有购买意愿无关,应亦无民法第789条袋地通行权限制之适用。

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